Markets: A Rigorous Course

Part 0 · On-ramp · M00 · week 1 · 10 h

Market on-ramp: accounts, screens, instruments, money and tax

Everything you need before your first trade, with light maths: how the account stack works (bank, trading account, demat, depository, broker) and KYC; reading a quote, market depth and the order window; order and product types; candlestick charts for beginners; the map of instruments (shares, ETFs, index funds, mutual funds and SIPs, bonds, F&O, commodities); IPOs; personal finance before trading; and how trading income is taxed and filed.

Prerequisites none. Time: about 10 hours, spread over the first two weeks. Level: foundation (practical, light on maths). Primary sources: the investor pages of SEBI (https://investor.sebi.gov.in), NSE and BSE, the two depositories (NSDL, CDSL), AMFI and RBI; the Income Tax Department's site for tax; the NISM certification workbooks for structured background.

This module is for a reader who has never opened a trading account. It is deliberately practical. The rest of the course is mathematical; here mathematics appears only where it pays for itself: the future value of a SIP and the XIRR of irregular cash flows (0.4), the odds of an IPO allotment (0.5), the cost of a round trip (0.2) and the tax on a mixed year (0.7). Everything else is plumbing, vocabulary and habits.

Rules, charges and tax rates change often. Every changeable fact carries an as-of date and a source. Facts were checked on or before 6 Nov 2026 and are attributed to the official document that governs them (a SEBI circular, an exchange circular, an RBI direction, the Income-tax Act). Where that document itself could not be read in full and the detail rests on reports of it, the text marks the fact (verify): check it against the official text, or with your broker or the exchange, before acting on it. No broker, platform, fund or security is named or recommended; broker-specific features and fees are described generically, and brokerage enters every calculation as a parameter you set from your own broker's charge sheet.

Learning outcomes

  1. Draw the account stack (bank, broker, trading account, demat account, depository, exchange, clearing corporation) and trace the movement of money and shares in a delivery purchase and a sale under T+1 settlement.
  2. Read a quote, a five-level market depth and an order window; choose the product type (CNC, MIS, NRML, MTF), order type (market, limit, SL, SL-M) and validity for a stated intention, and compute the average fill of a market order from a depth snapshot.
  3. Read a contract note line by line and reproduce its charges from the published rate card.
  4. Read a candlestick chart on linear and logarithmic scales, explain adjusted prices, and describe a year of the Nifty daily chart in numbers.
  5. Place every common Indian instrument (shares, ETFs, index and active mutual funds, SIPs, G-secs and bonds, SGBs, REITs and InvITs, F&O, commodity and currency derivatives) by what it is, whom it suits, what it costs, how it can hurt you and where the course covers it.
  6. Derive the future value of a SIP, define XIRR as the root of a dated NPV equation, prove that it is unique when all outflows precede all inflows, and compute both.
  7. Derive the probability of a retail IPO allotment when applications exceed lots, for one application and for several applications in a family.
  8. Classify a year's market income for Indian tax (STCG, LTCG, speculative and non-speculative business income), apply the set-off rules, compute F&O turnover for audit purposes, and name the return form and advance-tax dates.

Sections ≈ 3 h 20 min of study

  1. Learning outcomes Foundation 5′
  2. 0.1 The account stack Foundation 30′
  3. 0.2 Reading the screens Foundation 30′
  4. 0.3 Charts for beginners Foundation 15′
  5. Figure One year of the Nifty 50, daily candles
  6. 0.4 The instrument map Foundation 30′
  7. 0.5 IPOs Foundation 20′
  8. 0.6 Money before markets Foundation 15′
  9. 0.7 Tax and paperwork Foundation 20′
  10. 0.8 Your first two weeks Foundation 10′
  11. Summary of key results Foundation 10′
  12. Readings and resources Foundation 5′
  13. Facts that change Foundation 10′

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